What perils are covered by the Inchmaree clause?

The Inchmaree clause covers losses related to specific perils that are not typically included in standard marine insurance policies. This clause allows for claims related to circumstances such as the loss or damage to a ship caused by machinery defects, which is why option C is the correct choice.

The purpose of the Inchmaree clause is to provide broader protection to shipowners by addressing risks associated with the operational aspects of a vessel, particularly those involving its machinery and equipment. This clause acknowledges that defects in machinery can lead to significant risks and losses, and offers coverage that ensures shipowners are protected against these specific types of losses.

In contrast, other choices represent different categories of risks or situations that fall outside of the protections typically granted by the Inchmaree clause. For instance, voluntary jettisoning of cargo pertains to the vessel's actions during distress but does not specifically relate to machinery failure. Lighthouse damages, while a concern for maritime operations, typically fall under a different set of insurance provisions. Lastly, insurance fraud involves fraudulent activities related to policies and coverage claims, which is not covered under the Inchmaree clause since it specifically deals with physical damage or loss to the ship itself.