Which of the following is typically excluded in ocean marine insurance policies?

Ocean marine insurance policies are designed to cover specific risks associated with the transportation of goods over water. While these policies provide extensive coverage, there are certain exclusions that are standard in the industry. One such exclusion is loss due to dampness.

Dampness is often considered a consequence of the inherent nature of marine transport, where humidity and moisture can affect cargo. Insurers typically do not cover losses that are attributed to normal exposure to moisture, as this is viewed as a risk that is accepted by the shipper or cargo owner. The rationale is that shippers should take adequate measures to protect their cargo against such environmental conditions, which are not considered extraordinary risks.

In contrast, damage from fire, cargo damage during transit, and risks associated with piracy are generally covered under marine insurance policies, as they represent more direct and preventable risks that the insurer agrees to assume in exchange for the premium.